孤独症谱系障碍合并言语语言障碍诊治研究进展

周蓉; 朱敏; 赵晓科; 李萌; 张丽

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-4933.2026.05.012

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孤独症谱系障碍合并言语语言障碍诊治研究进展

综述 | 更新时间：2026-10-08

- 孤独症谱系障碍合并言语语言障碍诊治研究进展
- Research Progress in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder Comorbid with Speech and Language Impairment
- 中国听力语言康复科学杂志 2026年24卷第5期页码：512-517
- 作者机构：
  
  南京医科大学附属儿童医院康复医学科南京 210008
- 作者简介：
  
  周蓉本科主治医师；研究方向：儿童康复
  朱敏，E-mail：1553526445@qq.com
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金“EphB4/EphrinB2调节骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗脑性瘫痪的归巢机制研究”(81401864)
- DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672-4933.2026.05.012
  中图分类号： R767.92
- 收稿：2025-06-27，
  
  修回：2025-08-17，
  
  录用：2025-11-25，
  
  纸质出版：2026-09-15
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
周蓉,朱敏,赵晓科等.孤独症谱系障碍合并言语语言障碍诊治研究进展[J].中国听力语言康复科学杂志,2026,24(05):512-517.

ZHOU Rong,ZHU Min,ZHAO Xiao-ke,et al.Research Progress in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder Comorbid with Speech and Language Impairment[J].Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation,2026,24(05):512-517.
周蓉,朱敏,赵晓科等.孤独症谱系障碍合并言语语言障碍诊治研究进展[J].中国听力语言康复科学杂志,2026,24(05):512-517. DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1672-4933.2026.05.012.

ZHOU Rong,ZHU Min,ZHAO Xiao-ke,et al.Research Progress in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder Comorbid with Speech and Language Impairment[J].Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation,2026,24(05):512-517. DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1672-4933.2026.05.012.

摘要

孤独症谱系障碍（ASD）是一种神经发育障碍，其特征是社会交流与社交互动缺陷，以及在发育早期出现的局限、重复的行为、兴趣或活动模式，对患者社交、职业或其他领域产生负面影响。目前ASD合并言语语言障碍发病机制未明，主要与特定基因变异、表观遗传及异常脑网络连接等相关。言语语言障碍在神经发育障碍中较常见，尤其是在ASD中，严重影响患者认知学习、社交互动与长期心理健康。言语语言障碍已不再是ASD的核心症状，而是一种描述患者特征的特异性指标。40%～70%的ASD儿童存在语言发育迟缓，主要表现为语言发育落后、自言自语、刻板语言、鹦鹉学舌等现象。ASD患儿的语言能力水平差异较大，从完全没有口语能力到保留表达性语言能力，但存在语言使用缺陷。儿童在语言发展上出现延迟或语言能力明显低于同龄群体，是促使家长寻求评估与诊断的主要原因。因此，语言干预和沟通技能训练已成为ASD干预的核心内容。系统而全面的评估不仅有助于及早发现ASD儿童语言沟通能力的优势和不足，也能为后续制订个性化干预策略提供依据。本文综合国内外研究，对ASD合并言语语言障碍的机制、临床特征、评估工具、干预和治疗研究进展进行综述，为早期识别ASD的言语语言障碍提供干预指导。

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a multifactorial neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in social communication and social interaction and the presence of restricted

repetitive patterns of behavior

interests

or activities present during early periods of development that negatively impact social

occupational

or other domains.Currently

the pathogenesis of comorbid speech and language impairment (SLI) in ASD remains unclear

but it is primarily associated with specific genetic variants

epigenetic modifications

and aberrant brain network connectivity.SLI are common in neurodevelopmental disorders

especially in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) which may result in cognitive learning

social interactions

and long-term mental health.SLI is no longer a core symptom of ASD but an ASD 'specifier' used for a more detailed description of the patient's characteristics.Data indicates that 40% to 70% of children with ASD experience language developmental delays

which are mainly manifested as lack of language or language developmental delay

self-talk

use of stereotyped language

parroting

et cetera. The level of language skills is highly heterogeneous in ASD

ranging from individuals who never develop spoken language to individuals with preserved expressive language abilities but with deficits in the pragmatic use of language .Language Developmental Delays or language abilities significantly lagging behind those of age-matched peers are typically the primary reasons prompting parents to seek formal evaluation and diagnosis.Therefore

language intervention training and communication skills have been made a cornerstone of autism intervention.A systematic and comprehensive assessment not only facilitates the early identification of strengths and weaknesses in the language and communication skills of children with ASD

but also provides a basis for the subsequent development of individualized intervention strategies. Based on previous studies abroad

the progress of research on the mechanism

clinical characteristics

assessment

diagnosis

intervention and treatment of comorbid with SLI in ASD was reviewed in this paper. This study aims to identify the manifestations of SLI in ASD patients in the early stage and timely intervention .

关键词

Keywords

references

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