老年性嗓音的临床特征与干预模式研究进展

李圆梦; 孙进; 钱红; 丁忠冰; 王勇丽; 黄昭鸣

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-4933.2026.04.015

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老年性嗓音的临床特征与干预模式研究进展

综述 | 更新时间：2026-09-22

- 老年性嗓音的临床特征与干预模式研究进展
- Research Progress of the Clinical Characteristics and Intervention Models in Presbyphonia
- 中国听力语言康复科学杂志 2026年24卷第4期页码：406-410
- 作者机构：
  
  1.华东师范大学教育学部康复科学系上海 200062
  2.华东师范大学中国言语听觉康复科学与ICF应用研究院上海 200062
  3.上海市第五康复医院上海 201600
- 作者简介：
  
  李圆梦硕士在读；研究方向：嗓音喉功能康复
  王勇丽，E-mail： wylkangfu@126.com
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然基金青年项目“基于言语想象的帕金森病言语障碍新疗法构建及关键机制研究”(82503095)
- DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672-4933.2026.04.015
  中图分类号： R473
- 收稿：2025-06-19，
  
  修回：2025-07-17，
  
  录用：2025-11-25，
  
  纸质出版：2026-07-15
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
李圆梦,孙进,钱红等.老年性嗓音的临床特征与干预模式研究进展[J].中国听力语言康复科学杂志,2026,24(04):406-410.

LI Yuan-meng,SUN Jin,QIAN Hong,et al.Research Progress of the Clinical Characteristics and Intervention Models in Presbyphonia[J].Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation,2026,24(04):406-410.
李圆梦,孙进,钱红等.老年性嗓音的临床特征与干预模式研究进展[J].中国听力语言康复科学杂志,2026,24(04):406-410. DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1672-4933.2026.04.015.

LI Yuan-meng,SUN Jin,QIAN Hong,et al.Research Progress of the Clinical Characteristics and Intervention Models in Presbyphonia[J].Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation,2026,24(04):406-410. DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1672-4933.2026.04.015.

摘要

老年性嗓音是由机体各系统功能衰退导致的嗓音老化现象。在老年群体语音障碍中，老年性嗓音比例高达17.78%，显著影响老年人的社会参与、沟通效率及心理健康。其临床特征呈现多维度变化，生理层面可见声带萎缩、弯曲等导致的声门闭合不全；声学层面可见F

性别差异缩小，基频微扰（jitter）、标准化噪声能量（normalized noise energy， NNE）升高，谐波噪声比（harmonics-to-noise ratio， HNR）降低；空气动力学层面呈现最长声时（maximum phonation time， MPT）缩短、平均气流率（mean flow rate， MFR）增加，呼吸功能下降；嗓音主观感知表现出粗糙声、气息声等特征；患者自我评估多反映其生活质量下降。目前，临床评估多依赖单一维度，忽视了老年性嗓音的多维特征，易导致误诊、错诊等，难以有效指导临床干预。干预措施主要包括传统嗓音训练、娱乐性干预、手术治疗3类。然而，由于老年人依从性差、护嗓意识薄弱，加之老龄化社会加速到来，以及新一代老年人对嗓音和生活质量要求提高，现有的治疗手段难以满足当代老年人的治疗需求，亟需探究高效的评估以及治疗体系。未来应提升全民老年性嗓音保健意识，探究嗓音退化的规律，整合老年性嗓音的多维特征，建立多维评估模型，以划分嗓音老化的严重程度，建立数字化3级预防体系，提高其依从性，优化老年嗓音健康管理。

Abstract

Presbyphonia is a voice aging phenomenon resulting from the functional decline of various physiological systems.It accounts for up to 17.78% of voice disorders in the elderly population

significantly affecting their social participation

communication efficiency

and mental health. The clinical characteristics of presbyphonia are multidimensional.Physiologically

it manifests as glottal insufficiency due to vocal fold atrophy and bowing. Acoustically

it is characterized by a reduced gender difference in fundamental frequency (F

)

increased jitter and normalized noise energy (NNE)

and a decreased harmonics-to-noise ratio (HNR).Aerodynamically

it presents with reduced maximum phonation time (MPT)

increased mean flow rate (MFR)

and decreased respiratory function. Subjectively

perceptual features include roughness and breathiness

and patient self-assessments often reflect a reduced quality of life.Currently

clinical assessments largely reliy on a single dimension

neglecting the multidimensional nature of presbyphonia

which may lead to misdiagnosis and difficulty in guiding effective clinical intervention. Existing interventions mainly include traditional voice therapy

recreational interventions

and surgical treatment. However

due to poor compliance and low awareness of voice care amon

g the elderly

coupled with the accelerating aging of society and the increasing demands of the new generation of older adults for better voice and quality of life

current treatment options are insufficient to meet the growing needs. There is an urgent need to develop efficient assessment and treatment systems. Future efforts should focus on enhancing public awareness of presbyphonia care

investigating the patterns of vocal degeneration

integrating multidimensional features to establish a comprehensive assessment model for grading the severity of voice aging

and developing a digitalized three-tier prevention system to improve compliance and optimize geriatric voice health management.

关键词

Keywords

references

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