北京市西城区儿童发育迟缓监测情况分析

初玉娟; 佟小龙

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-4933.2026.04.013

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北京市西城区儿童发育迟缓监测情况分析

临床研究 | 更新时间：2026-09-22

- 北京市西城区儿童发育迟缓监测情况分析
- Analysis of Developmental Delay Monitoring in Children in Xicheng District Beijing
- 中国听力语言康复科学杂志 2026年24卷第4期页码：395-400
- 作者机构：
  
  北京市西城区妇幼保健院儿童保健科北京 100054
- 作者简介：
  
  初玉娟硕士主治医师；研究方向：儿童心理行为
  佟小龙，E-mail：zzuchengxiang@163.com
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672-4933.2026.04.013
  中图分类号： G781
- 收稿：2025-06-26，
  
  修回：2025-09-11，
  
  录用：2025-11-25，
  
  纸质出版：2026-07-15
- 稿件说明：
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佟小.北京市西城区儿童发育迟缓监测情况分析[J].中国听力语言康复科学杂志,2026,24(04):395-400.

CHU Yu-juan.Analysis of Developmental Delay Monitoring in Children in Xicheng District Beijing[J].Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation,2026,24(04):395-400.
佟小.北京市西城区儿童发育迟缓监测情况分析[J].中国听力语言康复科学杂志,2026,24(04):395-400. DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1672-4933.2026.04.013.

CHU Yu-juan.Analysis of Developmental Delay Monitoring in Children in Xicheng District Beijing[J].Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation,2026,24(04):395-400. DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1672-4933.2026.04.013.

摘要

目的

分析北京市西城区0～6岁儿童发育迟缓初筛、复筛结果，明确本辖区儿童发育迟缓发病现状，探究其相关危险因素，为优化儿童发育监测体系、落实早期干预、降低儿童发育迟缓发生率提供依据。

方法

选取2019年1月1日～2023年12月31日在北京市西城区15家初级保健服务中心体检的儿童32256人，联合采用丹佛发展筛选测验（Denver developmental screening test，DDST）、预警征、0～1岁运动发育筛查3种方法进行初筛，初筛阳性转诊至二级保健服务网西城区妇幼保健院，采用格塞尔婴幼儿发展量表（gesell）进行诊断性复筛评估。

结果

儿童发育初筛阳性938例，初筛阳性率2.91%，复筛人数687人，复筛阳性531人，复筛阳性率77.29%。危险因素分析显示，性别、年龄、早产史与儿童发育迟缓发生密切相关。其中男童全面发育迟缓占比45.61%，显著高于女童的34.16%；存在1～2个能区发育迟缓的儿童年龄显著高于发育无迟缓儿童，差异具有统计学意义（F=17.03，

0.001）；早产儿童2个能区发育迟缓占63.64%，明显高于非早产儿童的40.70%（

0.05）。

结论

完善的两级筛查网络可有效实现儿童发育迟缓的早发现、早转诊与早干预，对临床康复诊疗具有重要价值。儿童发育迟缓受多种因素共同影响，性别、高龄、早产是其重要相关危险因素，需针对高危人群制订针对性筛查和干预方案，进一步优化辖区儿童保健服务体系。

Abstract

Objective

To analyze the results of primary and secondary screening for developmental delay among children aged 0-6 years in Xicheng District

Beijing

to clarify the prevalence of childhood developmental delay in this jurisdiction and explore its related risk factors

so as to provide evidence for optimizing the childhood developmental monitoring system

implementing early intervention and reducing the incidence of childhood developmental delay.

Methods

A total of 32

256 children aged 0-6 years who received physical examinations at 15 primary health care service centers in Xicheng District from January 1

2019 to December 31

2023 were enrolled. Three screening tools including the Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST)

developmental warning signs

and motor developmental screening for infants aged 0-1 year were jointly adopted for primary screening. Children with positive primary screening results were referred to Xicheng Maternal and Child Health Hospital under the secondary health care service network for diagnostic secondary screening and assessment using the Gesell Developmental Schedules.

Results

There were 938 children who were positive in the primary screening of children's development

and the positive rate in the primary screening was 2.91%. There were 687 children in the re-screening

531 children were positive in the re-screening

and the positive rate in the re-screening was 77.29%.The incidence rate of global delay in boys was 45.61% higher than that in girls (34.16%). The age of children with 2 retardation and 1 retardation was higher than that of children without delay.The proportion of children with 2 retardation in premature children (63.64%) was higher than that without premature factors (40.70%)(

0.05)

statistically significant.

Conclusion

The well-established two-level screening network enables the early detection

timely referral and prompt intervention of childhood developmental delay

which is of great clinical value for rehabilitation diagnosis and treatment. Childhood developmental delay is affected by multiple interacting factors. Male gender

older age and preterm birth serve as key risk factors. Targeted screening and intervention strategies should be formulated for high-risk populations to further improve the regional maternal and child health service system.

关键词

Keywords

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