学龄前听障儿童塞音嗓音起始时间影响因素研究

姒雨禾; 郑惠萍; 刘婷婷; 史文迪; 肖永涛

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-4933.2026.04.009

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学龄前听障儿童塞音嗓音起始时间影响因素研究

听力学教育与听觉言语康复 | 更新时间：2026-09-22

- 学龄前听障儿童塞音嗓音起始时间影响因素研究
- Study on the Influencing Factors of Voice Onset Time of Stop Consonants in Preschool Hearing-Impaired Children
- 中国听力语言康复科学杂志 2026年24卷第4期页码：372-376
- 作者机构：
  
  1.浙江中医药大学附属第一医院（浙江省中医院）杭州 310006
  2.浙江中医药大学医学技术与信息工程学院杭州 310053
  3.杭州仁爱耳聋康复研究院杭州 311000
  4.惠耳人工智能听觉研发中心杭州 311000
- 作者简介：
  
  姒雨禾本科在读；研究方向：言语听觉康复
  肖永涛，E-mail：20131011@zcmu.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  浙江省尖兵领雁计划项目“基于高灵敏度声学传感器的全植入式人工听觉假体研发”(2025C01108)
- DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672-4933.2026.04.009
  中图分类号： R494
- 收稿：2026-02-20，
  
  修回：2026-03-15，
  
  录用：2026-05-31，
  
  纸质出版：2026-07-15
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
姒雨禾,郑惠萍,刘婷婷等.学龄前听障儿童塞音嗓音起始时间影响因素研究[J].中国听力语言康复科学杂志,2026,24(04):372-376.

SI Yu-he,ZHENG Hui-ping,LIU Ting-ting,et al.Study on the Influencing Factors of Voice Onset Time of Stop Consonants in Preschool Hearing-Impaired Children[J].Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation,2026,24(04):372-376.
姒雨禾,郑惠萍,刘婷婷等.学龄前听障儿童塞音嗓音起始时间影响因素研究[J].中国听力语言康复科学杂志,2026,24(04):372-376. DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1672-4933.2026.04.009.

SI Yu-he,ZHENG Hui-ping,LIU Ting-ting,et al.Study on the Influencing Factors of Voice Onset Time of Stop Consonants in Preschool Hearing-Impaired Children[J].Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation,2026,24(04):372-376. DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1672-4933.2026.04.009.

摘要

目的

探讨性别、年龄、语训时长对学龄前听障儿童塞音嗓音起始时间（voice onset time，VOT）的影响，为言语康复提供依据。

方法

选取学龄前健听儿童及听障儿童各20例，录取汉语声母塞音/b、p、d、t、g、k/与韵母/a/组成的6个音节，即/ba/、/pa/、/da/、/ta/、/ga/、/ka/，声调均为一声。使用Praat语音分析软件提取VOT值。采用3因素方差分析，因变量为VOT值，自变量为性别、年龄、语训时间。

结果

听障儿童不送气塞音VOT值普遍小于健听儿童，送气塞音VOT值普遍大于健听儿童。不同性别、年龄、语训时长儿童塞音/pa/、/da/、/ta/、/ga/、/ka/VOT值无显著差异（

＞0.05）。不同语训时长儿童塞音/ba/VOT值具有显著差异（

＜0.05），年龄与语训时长、性别在塞音/ba/VOT值上产生交互效应，简单主效应显示，4.5～6.0岁且语训时长超过1年的听障儿童中，女性VOT值显著长于男性（

＜0.05）。独立样本

检验结果显示，送气塞音存在显著性别差异，女性VOT值显著长于男性（

＜0.05），不送气塞音无显著性别差异（

＞0.05），其它组别听障儿童间送气塞音与不送气塞音均无统计学意义（

＞0.05）。

结论

塞音/ba/VOT受多因素影响，语训时长是影响听障儿童塞音/ba/VOT的关键因素，长期训练可显著优化其语音产出，且效果在4.5～6.0岁女童中尤为显著。

Abstract

Objective

To explore the influence of gender

age and duration of speech training on the voice onset time (VOT) of stop consonants in preschool children with hearing impairment

and to provide a basis for their Speech rehabilitation.

Methods

Twenty preschool children with normal hearing and twenty children with hearing impairment were selected. Six syllables composed of the stop consonants /b

k/ and the vowel /a/ in Mandarin

namely /ba/

/pa/

/da/

/ta/

/ga/

/ka/

with the first tone

were recorded. The VOT values were extracted using Praat speech analysis software. A three-factor analysis of variance was conducted

with VOT values as the dependent variable and gender

age and duration of speech training as the independent variables.

Results

The VOT values of unaspirated stop consonants in children with hearing impairment were generally shorter than those in children with normal hearing

while the VOT values of aspirated stop consonants were generally longer. There were no statistically significant differences in the VOT values of /pa/

/da/

/ta/

/ga/

/ka/ among different genders

ages and durations of speech training (

0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the VOT values of /ba/ among diff

erent durations of speech training (

0.05). Age and duration of speech training

as well as gender

age and duration of speech training

had interaction effects on the VOT values of /ba/. Simple main effect analysis showed that in the group of 4.5-6-year-old children with more than one year of speech training

the VOT values of females were significantly longer than those of males (

0.05). Independent sample t-test results showed that there were significant gender differences in the VOT values of aspirated stop consonants

with females having significantly longer VOT values than males (

0.05)

while there were no significant gender differences in the VOT values of unaspirated stop consonants (

0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the VOT values of aspirated and unaspirated stop consonants among other groups of children with hearing impairment (

0.05).

Conclusion

Only the VOT of /ba/ is affected by multiple factors

and the duration of speech training is the key factor affecting the VOT of /ba/ in children with hearing impairment. Long-term training can significantly optimize their speech production

and the effect is particularly significant in 4.5-6-year-old female children.

关键词

Keywords

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