Objective To explore the language recognition ability and communication ability of young adults with hearing loss aged 18～40 years and analyze the risk factors of hearing loss. Methods 150 hearing loss patients aged 18～40 who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital from 2020.1 to 2021.4 were collected

and 150 hearing healthy people of the same age who underwent physical examination in the hospital during the same period were included. Recognition and communication skills were assessed and compared between groups. The correlation analysis between the degree of hearing loss and language recognition ability and communication ability was carried out. Factors such as age

smoking history

occupational noise exposure history and other factors were included to conduct univariate and multivariate analysis of the occurrence of hearing loss. Results The speech recognition ability score of the hearing loss group was significantly lower than that of the healthy group（P<0.05）. The total scores of communication ability

interpersonal communication

occupation

social interaction and communication ability of the hearing loss group were significantly lower than Control group（P<0.05）. The correlation analysis showed that the degree of hearing loss in the hearing loss population was negatively correlated with the scores of language recognition ability

language communication ability and the total score（r<0

P<0.05）. Univariate analysis showed that the incidence of hearing loss in the population with smoking history

occupational noise exposure history and improper ear use history was significantly higher than that in the population without smoking history

occupational noise exposure history

and improper ear use history（P<0.05）

and there was no significant difference in factors such as history of disabettes and hypertension（P>0.05）. Multivariate regression analysis confirmed that smoking history

occupational noise exposure history

and improper ear use history were all risk factors for the occurrence of hearing loss（OR>1

P<0.05）. Conclusion Young and middle-aged hearing loss patients aged 18-40 generally have the problem of decreased communication ability and language recognition ability

and the greater the degree of hearing loss

the more obvious the decline in language recognition and communication ability. Smoking

occupational noise exposure listory and improper use of ears. etc are risk factores.