最新刊期
卷 23 ， 期 2 ， 2025
Commentary
- 摘要：With the acceleration of globalization, interventions for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have become an increasingly ctirical priority in global public health and social development. This article examines the current status, challenges, and future directions of ASD interventions. The study reveals that ASD interventions face issues such as uneven resource distribution, insufficient social awareness, and inadequate policy implementation. However, the application of emerging technologies, interdisciplinary collaboration, and international exchange offer new hope for the field. Moving forward, efforts should focus on enhancing professional training, optimizing policy support, and promoting community support networks to improve the accessibility and quality of intervention services, thereby providing more comprehensive support for children with ASD and their families.关键词：Autism spectrum disorder;Intervention;Global perspective;Challenges74|16|0更新时间：2026-07-11
Expert Forum
- 摘要：ObjectiveTo investigate the accuracy rate and error trends of flat and retroflex sounds among preschool children, to analyze the pronunciation difficulty of flat and retroflex sounds in different pronunciation positions, and to explore the reasons affecting their accuracy rate.Methods250 children aged 3 - 5 years old were selected. Some words from the "Articulation and Phonetic Ability Assessment Word List" were used as test materials. Descriptive statistics and non - parametric tests were used to analyze their phonetic abilities of flat and retroflex sounds.ResultsThe number of children making mistakes in the retroflex sounds /r/, /sh/, /zh/ and the flat sound /z/ was relatively high. 17 children did not master the pronunciation of /r/ and /sh/, 12 children did not master the pronunciation of /zh/, and 11 children did not master the pronunciation of /z/. The average accuracy rate of flat and retroflex sounds in the 3-year-old group was 88%, in the 4-year-old group was 93%, and in the 5-year-old group incresed to 97%. Age had a main effect, with a highly significant difference (P=0.002＜0.01), and there was a highly significant difference between the 3-year-old and 5-year-old groups (P=0.000＜0.01). In the 3-5-year-old groups, no omission problems occurred in the error trends of flat and retroflex sounds, and they were mainly distributed in two error trends: substitution and distortion. The error trend occurrence rate in the 3-year-old group was relatively high, mostly in the form of substitution. With the increase of age, the error trend occurrence rate in the 5-year-old group gradually decreased, with occasional distortion. For preschool children aged 3 to 5 years old, when the flat sound was combined with /-i/, the main substitution process was the retroflexion of apical anterior sounds. When the flat sound was combined with /-u/, the main substitution process was also the retroflexion of apical anterior sounds. When the retroflex sound was combined with /-i/, the main substitution error process was the non - retroflexion of anterior - posterior tongue sounds. When /r/ was combined with /-ou/, the main substitution error process was the lateralization of anterior - posterior tongue sounds.ConclusionSubstitution is the main form of phonological process in children's speech development. The acquisition of retroflex sounds is later than that of flat sounds. The age of 5 may be a node for the acquisition of flat and retroflex sounds.关键词：Phonological process;Flat and retroflex sounds;Apical anterior sounds;Apical posterior sounds;Affricates;Fricatives84|10|0更新时间：2026-07-11
- 摘要：ObjectiveTo study the development status and self-evaluation of speech clarity among school aged hearing-impaired students, in order to provide reference for better understanding their rehabilitation needs and enhancing communication confidence.MethodThis study used a questionnaire survey to investigate 59 hearing-impaired students who had undergone rehabilitation at the Chinese Listening and Language Rehabilitation Research Center, and analyzed their self-assessment results of speech clarity and communication willingness.ResultThe students with hearing impairment had higher positive evaluations in single character and word expression, but relatively lower evaluations in sentence and dialogue contexts, with significant differences in tone evaluations. There was a significant correlation between single character clarity and word clarity, word clarity and sentence clarity, sentence clarity and dialogue clarity, and dialogue clarity and overall speech clarity (P<0.05), while there was no significant correlation between overall speech clarity and tone clarity (P>0.05). The duration of speech correction significantly affected the self-evaluation results (P<0.05), while there was no statistically significant difference in gender, school age group, and hearing aid equipment (P>0.05). Speech clarity significantly affected the willingness to communicate with friends and strangers (P<0.05).ConclusionDifferent duration of speech correction affects the speech clarity of hearing-impaired students, and the level of speech clarity also affects their willingness to communicate. We should empasizea the importance of the rehabilitation of speech clarity for hearing-impaired students, strengthen training in complex contexts and tones, coordinate with multiple parties to improve their speech ability and communication confidence, and help them better develop and integrate into society.关键词：Hearing - impaired students;Speech intelligibility;Self - evaluation;Communication willingnes49|7|0更新时间：2026-07-11
- 摘要：Language is an important communication tool between people. People communicate through language, and express their feelings, attitudes and needs with each other. As one of the common developmental barriers in children, language retardation has a profound impact on children's interaction with others, social adaptability, and physical and mental health. This paper comprehensively reviews the five key aspects of children language retardation: influencing factors, evaluation methods, intervention methods, prognosis and current research hot spots, aiming to provide reference for the rehabilitation of language retardation.关键词：children;Language development delay;Influencing factors;Assessment;Intervention74|24|0更新时间：2026-07-11
- 摘要：ObjectiveThis review examines recent international research on parent-mediated interventions (PMIs) for language development in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).MethodsA search was conducted in the EBSCO database for relevant literature. By applying predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 25 empirical studies were ultimately included. Structured coding was performed on the selected literature to extract core elements such as study design types, intervention models, and assessment tools. Descriptive statistical analysis was then conducted on these extracted elements.Outcome assessments combined observational coding with standardized tools, demonstrating PMI's effectiveness in promoting generalizable language skills. However, limited long-term (>1 year) data and cultural adaptability challenges remain.ConclusionFuture directions include leveraging telehealth, enhancing sustainability through longitudinal studies, and tailoring interventions to diverse cultural contexts..关键词：Parent-mediated intervention;Autism;Language ability;Empirical research49|10|0更新时间：2026-07-11
- 摘要：ObjectiveTo observe the effects of targeted rehabilitation training and auditory discrimination training on speech clarity in children with functional dysarthria (functional articulation disorder, FAD).Methods202 children with functional dysarthria, were divided into a control group (102 cases) and a research group (100 cases) by random method. The control group conducted conventional language training, and the research group conducted targeted rehabilitation training and auditory discrimination training. Comparative studies were conduct.ResultsThe improvement of sound in the study group was significantly better than that in the control group (P<0.05); After the treatment, the acoustic indicators of the two groups were improved significantly, And the index of the study group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05); After the treatment, the oral motor function scores in the both groups were increased. The sound definition and function score of lip, tongue and jaw function of the study group were higher than that of the control group (P<0.05).ConclusionTargeted rehabilitation training and auditory discrimination training can improve the clarity of speech in the children, and can be used as the daily training of the children with functional dysarthria.关键词：Targeted rehabilitation training;Auditory discrimination training;Children with functional dysarthria;Speech clarity51|11|0更新时间：2026-07-11
Children\'s Speech and Language Rehabilitation
- 摘要：ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between cisplatin and carboplatin and hearing loss caused by platinum drugs in solid tumors in children.MethodsFrom January 2020 to December 2023, children with solid tumors who used carboplatin and/or cisplatin in the Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, were enrolled for hearing monitoring and statistical analysis using R language.Results622 children were included in this study, of which 72 (11.6%) developed hearing loss, and the median time of hearing loss was 12 months (1-124 months) after the initiation of platinum drugs. Multivariate analysis showed that cisplatin, cisplatin combined with carboplatin, cranial radiotherapy, and cisplatin with furosemide were associated with hearing loss (P<0.05). There was a nonlinear relationship between the cumulative cisplatin dose and hearing loss, with a 50% increase in the risk of hearing loss for every 100 mg/m2 increase in cisplatin when the cumulative cisplatin dose was greater than 680 mg/m2. The relationship between carboplatin and hearing loss was uncertain (P>0.05).ConclusionCisplatin is associated with the risk of hearing loss in children with solid tumors. When the cumulative dose of cisplatin exceeds 680 mg/m2, the risk of hearing loss is significantly increased.关键词：children;Solid tumors;Anti-tumor therapy;Cisplatin;Carboplatin;Ototoxicity19|6|0更新时间：2026-07-11
- 摘要：ObjectiveTo explore the effects of perinatal infection on hearing of newborns and infants.MethodsA total of 72 pregnant women with perinatal infection admitted to the hospital from March 2020 to March 2023 were chosen as the study group. A total of 130 pregnant women without perinatal infection were selected as the control group. The newborns received hearing screening regularly after delivery. The hearing screening of newborns at birth and infants after birth was compared, and the influencing factors of neonatal hearing impairment were analyzed.ResultsThe failure rate of primary screening and rescreening after birth in the study group were higher (P<0.05), and the threshold of wave V response and the degree of hearing impairment were also higher at 3 months of age (P<0.05). The incidence of congenital sensorineural deafness and the degree of hearing impairment in the study group were higher than the other group (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in hearing impairment among different maternal age, maternal body mass index, maternal education level, delivery time, invasive operation, gender and delivery mode (P>0.05). There were statistically significant differences in gestational week, birth weight, perinatal infection and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia hearing impairment (P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that gestational week, birth weight, perinatal infection and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia were correlated with neonatal hearing impairment (r=-0.534, 0.411, 0.623, 0.389, P<0.05). Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that gestational week, birth weight, perinatal infection and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia were the influential factors of hearing impairment (P<0.05).ConclusionsPerinatal infection can increase the degree of hearing impairment in newborns and infants, and it is a factor affecting the hearing of newborns and infants. Attention should be paid to it and follow-up should be strengthened.关键词：Perinatal infection;Newborns;Infants;Hearing condition17|8|0更新时间：2026-07-11
- 摘要：ObjectiveThe characteristics of vestibuloevoked myogenic potential (VEMP) in patients with vestibular migraine (VM) and Meniere's disease (MD) were compared and analyzed, and the difference and relationship between VEMP in VM and MD were studied to provide basis for the diagnosis of both diseases.Methods100 patients with VM, 100 patients with unilateral MD, and 100 healthy control group were included. Cervical vestibular evoked potential (cVEMP) and ocular vestibular evoked potential (oVEMP) were examined in all subjects, and their elicitation rates, N1 latencies, P1 latencies, P1-N1 intervals and amplitudes were compared.ResultsThe extraction rate of cVEMP and oVEMP in control group was higher than that in VM group and MD group, and that in VM group was higher than that in MD group (P<0.05). The P1 latency, N1 latency and P1-N1 wave interval of oVEMP in MD group were longer than those in VM group (P<0.05). oVEMP amplitude in VM group and MD group was lower than that in control group (P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that P1 latency of oVEMP in MD patients was weakly correlated with DHI scale.ConclusionThe detection rate of VEMP (including cVEMP and oVEMP) in VM and MD patients is reduced. VM mainly showed a decrease in oVEMP amplitude. The P1 latency, N1 latency and P1-N1 interval prolongation of oVEMP can be used as observation indicators for the differential diagnosis of VM and MD. The P1 latency of oVEMP will be prolonged with the increase of DHI score of MD patients.关键词：Vestibular migraine;Menier's disease;Vestibular evoked myogenic potential21|5|0更新时间：2026-07-11
- 摘要：ObjectivesTo evaluate of One-Year Subjective Auditory Satisfaction Following Cochlear Implantation in Patients with Single-Sided Deafness (SSD) and Asymmetric Hearing Loss (AHL).MethodsThis study is a prospective cohort study, which including 16 patients with Single-Sided Deafness (SSD) and Asymmetric Hearing Loss (AHL) who underwent cochlear implantation (CI) at Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, from August 2020 to March 2024. The Chinese version of the Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit (APHAB) was used to assess the changes in subjective auditory satisfaction and influencing factors in SSD and AHL patients one year after CI.ResultsAfter cochlear implantation (CI), patients with Single-Sided Deafness (SSD) and Asymmetric Hearing Loss (AHL) showed significant improvement in the hearing thresholds of the affected ear compared to preoperative levels. The total score of the APHAB questionnaire and the subscales for Ease of Communication (EC) and Background Noise (BN) showed significant improvement one year after CI (P<0.05), while the subscales for Reverberation (RV) and Aversiveness (AV) showed no significant differences (P>0.05). Correlation analysis of the influencing factors for EC, BN, RV, and AV subscales revealed a positive correlation between the total APHAB score and the scores for BN and RV with the duration of hearing loss in the subjects. The longer the hearing loss duration in SSD users, the higher their satisfaction with improvements in speech communication in noisy and reverberant environments after CI.ConclusionCochlear implantation (CI) can help patients with Single-Sided Deafness (SSD) and Asymmetric Hearing Loss (AHL) restore binaural hearing and improve speech communication ability in noisy environments.关键词：Single‐sided deafness;Asymmetric hearing loss;Cochlear implantation;Subjective satisfaction26|8|0更新时间：2026-07-11
- 摘要：ObjectiveTo investigate of Prognostic Differences and Influencing Factors in Children with Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SSNHL) Based on Different Audiogram TypesMethodsA total of 102 children with sudden sensory nerve deafness who received treatment in our hospital from January 2017 to January 2022 were selected and divided into low-frequency decreasing type (n=15), high-frequency decreasing type (n=6), flat type (n=31) and total deafness type (n=50) according to the Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of sudden deafness formulated by the Chinese Medical Association. The therapeutic effects were compared. The general data were collected and the factors influencing the prognosis were analyzed.ResultsAmong the 102 patients, 15 cases were diagnosed as low frequency descending type, accounting for 14.70%; 6 cases were diagnosed as high-frequency descending type, accounting for 5.88%; 31 cases were diagnosed as flat type, accounting for 30.39%. 50 cases were diagnosed as total deafness, accounting for 49.02%. There were differences in the therapeutic effects among children with low frequency decreasing type, high frequency decreasing type, flat type and total deafness, The therapeutic effects of children with low frequency decreasing type was higher than that of children with high frequency decreasing type, flat type and total deafness type, while the therapeutic effects of children with high frequency decreasing type and flat type was higher than that of total deafness type (P<0.05). However, there was no difference in treatment effectiveness between high-frequency descending type and flat type children (P>0.05). By univariate analysis, there were differences in the degrees of hearing loss, dizziness, ear boredom, otolitic vertigo, and history of cold between the good prognosis group and the poor prognosis group (P<0.05), but there were no statistically significant differences in genders, ages, damaged sides, time from onset to treatment, and tinnitus (P>0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the degree of hearing impairment, ear boredom, otolithogenic vertigo and history of cold all affected the prognosis of the children (P<0.05).ConclusionThere are differences in the prognosis of children with sudden sensory nerve deafness in different hearing curve types, and the prognosis of children with low frequency decline is better. The degree of hearing impairment, ear tightness, otolith vertigo and cold history all affect the prognosis.关键词：Type of hearing curve;Sudden sensory nerve deafness;children;Prognosis;Influencing factor23|5|0更新时间：2026-07-11
- 摘要：ObjectiveAnalyze the compliance and satisfaction status of hearing aid selection and wearing among middle-aged and elderly deaf individuals, as well as the influencing factors.Methods103 middle-aged and elderly patients with hearing loss fitted with hearing aids in our hospital from April 2020 to October 2022 were selected as the research subjects. According to the compliance score, the patients were divided into the high compliance group (n=69), the medium compliance group (n=20), and the low compliance group (n=14). The influencing factors of hearing aid wearing compliance in the middle-aged and elderly deaf patients were analyzed, and then grouped according to genders, ages, education levels and other factors. The Satisfaction with Amplification in Daily Life Scale (SADL) was used to analyze the satisfaction and influencing factors of those patients.ResultsThe scores of each dimension of the patients' SADL questionnaire are as follows: the score for positive effects is 4.12±0.28 points, the score for service price is 4.06±0.50 points, etc., and the total average score is 3.72±0.37 points. Age, education level, hearing loss, mild cognitive impairment, monthly income, family attitude, and wearing time all affect patient compliance; Educational background, hearing loss, and mild cognitive impairment are the influencing factors that middle-aged and elderly hearing-impaired patients consider hearing aid selection to have a positive effect (P<0.05).ConclusionThe compliance and satisfaction with the fitting of hearing aids for middle-aged and elderly people with hearing loss still need to be improved. There are many factors that affect patient compliance and satisfaction, such as education, family attitudes, and the presence of cognitive impairment. Interventions need to be targeted at relevant influencing factors to improve the compliance and satisfaction of this population.关键词：Middle aged and elderly people;Optional wearing of hearing aids;Compliance;Satisfaction34|11|0更新时间：2026-07-11
Clinical Research
- 摘要：With the help of online bibliometric analysis software Biblioshiny, the study employs a visual analysis to investigate the research literature on international pragmatic competence from 2004 to 2023 in the Web of Science Core Collection database. The study investigates the international pragmatic competence through its annual scientific production, most relevant resources, most relevant authors, most local cited references, collaboration WorldMap, most relevant affiliations, co-occurrence network, thematic evolution, trend topics, and thematic map. Lastly, this paper offers recommendations for further advancing the research on pragmatic competence in mainland China.关键词：Pragmatic competence;Visual analysis;Biblioshiny32|6|0更新时间：2026-07-11
- 摘要：For severe-to-profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) that has not responded to hearing aid intervention for 3-6 months, cochlear implantation (CI) is one of the best treatments recognized worldwide. However, the efficacy of CI surgery is affected by many factors, and white matter changes (WMC) affecting hearing is one of the important influencing factors. 6-22% of prelingually deaf CI candidates have WMC. Myelin dysplasia or demyelinating lesions caused by genetic factors or various perinatal reasons will affect the CI effect if the auditory conduction pathway is involved. In the past two decades, many scholars have conducted meaningful explorations on the CI effect of prelingually deaf children with WMC. This article will review the indications for CI in such children and the effects of postoperative hearing and speech rehabilitation, and provide a reference for cochlear implantation in special cases.关键词：White matter change;Cochlear implant;Hearing and speech rehabilitation;Prelingual hearing loss22|6|0更新时间：2026-07-11
- 摘要：Presbycusis also known as age-related hearing loss (ARHL), is not only a primary cause of auditory dysfunction but also a significant risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia. Timely hearing interventions, such as hearing aids and cochlear implants, have been shown to effectively slow cognitive deterioration and reduce the risk of dementia. Therefore, early and accurate cognitive assessment in ARHL patients is of critical importance, as it enables the prompt detection of potential cognitive impairment and timely intervention. Despite these advancements, several challenges remain in evaluating cognitive function among ARHL patients. Conventional cognitive tests often rely on auditory input, which may lead to "pseudo" cognitive deficits if hearing loss is inadequately compensated. This review systematically examines and compares major cognitive assessment tools, highlighting their advantages and limitations in ARHL populations. We also discuss critical confounding variables and propose practical strategies for improving assessment accuracy in clinical and research settings. By establishing standardized cognitive assessment protocols, this work aims to enhance the accuracy of cognitive evaluation and facilitate long-term tracking of the impact of hearing interventions on cognitive function, ultimately reducing dementia risk and improving quality of life in older adults.关键词：ARHL;Cognitive function;Assessment tools37|10|0更新时间：2026-07-11
- 摘要：Hearing loss has profound emotional impacts on children and their families, with many families undergoing a complex and prolonged grief process following a child's diagnosis. Grief is not only an emotional response but also a psychological adaptation process, where parents may experience the five stages proposed by Kübler-Ross: denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. Person-centered hearing counseling, by addressing the emotional needs of family members and providing personalized support, effectively facilitates emotional adjustment and psychological recovery for families. This paper examines how person-centered hearing counseling, combined with the five stages of grief model, can help parents gradually adapt to their child's hearing loss, support family recovery, and create a better developmental environment for children with hearing loss.关键词：Hearing loss;Five stages of grief;Person-centered care;Hearing counselling;Families rehabilitation24|6|0更新时间：2026-07-11
Review
- 摘要：ObjectiveTo understand the screening status and influencing factors of early warning signs for psychological and behavioral development problems in children under 6 years old in Xicheng District, Beijing.MethodWe collected annual reports and positive cases of early warning signs for children under the age of 0-6 from 7 community health service centers in Xicheng District, Beijing (formerly all community health service centers in Xicheng District) from 2016 to 2021, and described the occurrence of positive early warning signs screening. We selected the children who failed in the screening as the case group, and those who pased screening at the same institution and age as the control group according to the 1:2 pairing principle. We compared the social demographic factors, child nutritional status, and pregnancy and childbirth situation between the two groups.ResultsThe total positive rate of early warning sign screening in Xicheng District was 0.82%, with the highest positive rate of 75% among children in the group of newbom infants. Children in groups of 1, 2 and 3 years were found to have high positive rates for language proficiency screening, with 57.69%, 85.21%, and 61.82%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that a birth weight of 2500g or above was a protective factor for positive warning signs [OR (95% CI)=0.198 (0.073-0.538], P=0.001).ConclusionPay attention to the process of children's psychological and behavioral development and promote the development of various functional areas in children. Pregnant women with high-risk factors should take early preventive measures to reduce the incidence of low birth weight children.关键词：Psychological behavior;Early warning sign;Influence factor20|6|0更新时间：2026-07-11
- 摘要：ObjectiveTo compare the differences in the rhyme-acoustic features of the output of wh-question sentences between patients with non-fluent aphasia and normal people, and to investigate the interaction between rhyme and syntax.MethodsTwenty-five patients with non-fluent aphasia (experienty group) and 25 sex- and age-matched normal adults (control group) were used as subjects, and the test corpus was four types of wh-question sentences. The rhythmic characteristics of the two groups of subjects were compared separately.ResultsThe whole-sentence F0SD and focus F0SD of the aphasia group were smaller in the subject-active question (sentence I) and object-active question (sentence II) with the question word "who", while the whole-sentence base frequency slope K was larger, which was significantly different from that of the control group (P<0.05); For the subject-active question in the subject active question (sentence III) and object active question (sentence IV) with the question word "what", the whole-sentence base frequency F0SD and focus F0SD were smaller in the aphasia group, which were significantly different from the control group (P<0.05).ConclusionPatients with non-fluent aphasia showed insufficient whole-sentence and focal pitch variation in the output of wh-questions, and the whole-sentence pitch trend was more upward when specific question words were used.关键词：Non-fluent aphasia;Wh-questions;Acoustic indicators;Rhythmic features21|7|0更新时间：2026-07-11
- 摘要：ObjectiveTo analyze the influence of Orff music intervention combined with language rehabilitation training on intelligence development and auditory speech ability of hearing-impaired children.Methods72 hearing-impaired children admitted to our hospital were selected as research objects. They were grouped according to different treatment methods with 33 cases in the combined group and 39 patients in the conventional group, The selected period is from July 2020 to August 2023. The two groups of children were compared before and after the intervention of intellectual development, auditory speech ability, emotional behavior score, Psychological resilience score, social adaptability score, psychological stress response score, quality of life score and family satisfaction score.ResultsAfter intervention, the comparison with before intervention showed that increased the quality of life score, intellectual development score, psychological resilience score, emotional behavior (prosocial behavior) score, auditory and speech ability score, and social adaptation ability score of both groups of children. Decreased the scores of psychological stress response and emotional behavior (hyperactivity/attention deficit score, emotional symptom score, conduct problem score, difficulty total score, peer relationship score). The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared with the conventional group, the combined group showed an increase in psychological resilience score, auditory and speech ability score, quality of life score, emotional behavior (prosocial behavior) score, intellectual development score, and social adaptation score, Increased the scores for emotional behavior (emotional symptom score, hyperactivity/attention deficit score, conduct problem score, peer relationship score, total difficulty score) and psychological stress response have decreased, The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).ConclusionOrff music intervention and speech rehabilitation training can improve the intellectual development and auditory speech ability of hearing-impaired children. Improve social adaptability, emotional behavior, family satisfaction, psychological resilience, children's quality of life.关键词：Orff's musical intervention;Speech rehabilitation training;Hearing-impaired children;Intellectual development;Auditory speech ability27|7|0更新时间：2026-07-11
- 摘要：ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between empathy, psychological theory and executive function in children with autism spectrum disorders.Methods112 children with autism spectrum disorders and 100 typical developing healthy children admitted to our hospital from May 2021 to April 2023 were prospectively included as the study subjects. The child empathy-systematic quotient questionnaire (EQ-SQ) was used to evaluate empathy, the theory of mind task was used to evaluate the theory of psychology, and the visual spatial working memory task, stroop task, and Wisconsin card sorting task (WCST). The Pearson and Spearman correlation was used to analyze the correlation of empathy capacity, theory of mind, and executive function in children with autism spectrum disorders.ResultsThe total scores of the EQ-C scale, the emotional empathy subscale and the cognitive empathy subscale were significantly lower than those in the healthy group (P<0.05). The theoretical task pass rate of children in the autism spectrum disorder group was significantly lower than that in the healthy group (74.11% vs. 91.00%, P<0.05). The scores of spatial ranking, spatial retreat, Stroop count and CLR%, C%, CA of children in the autism spectrum disorder group were significantly lower than those of the healthy group, and the scores of PRS and PE% items were significantly higher than those of the healthy group (P<0.05). Pearson Correlation analysis showed significant positive correlation between EQ-C total score and spatial regression (r=0.492), Stroop count (r=0.527) and CA (r=0.467) scores, and significant negative correlation with PRS (r=-0.337) scores (P<0.05). Spearman Correlation analysis showed that the psychological theory showed a significant correlation with spatial regression (r=0.417), Stroop count (r=0.467) and CA (r=0.401) scores (P<0.05).ConclusionThe empathy ability, psychological theory and executive function of children with autism spectrum disorders are lower than that of typical developing healthy children. Improving the empathy ability and psychological theory may be able to promote the executive function of children with autism spectrum disorders.关键词：Autism spectrum disorder;Ability to empathize;Theory of mind;Executive function27|9|0更新时间：2026-07-11
- 摘要：ObjectiveTo explore individualized teaching forms that are suitable for the rehabilitation needs of young hearing-impaired children.MethodsThirty young hearing-impaired children in training from three different rehabilitation institutions were selected and divided into three groups according to different individualized teaching forms: A, B and C. The results of their hearing ability and language ability evaluation for the first time and after 5 months of rehabilitation were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and compared with each other.ResultsAfter 5 months of rehabilitation, the rehabilitation effect of group C was significantly better than that of group A and group B, so the best individualized teaching form of rehabilitation effect was group C teaching method.ConclusionThe individualized teaching form can this way cultivate the learning awareness and study habits of hearing-impaired children, but also enable parents to learn the operational skills of rehabilitation, give play to their leading role in family rehabilitation, achieve optimal home co-education and achieve remarkable rehabilitation effects.关键词：Individualized training;Hearing-impaired children;Home co education;Family rehabilitation18|4|0更新时间：2026-07-11
- 摘要：ObjectiveTo explore the clinical efficacy of positive psychological intervention based on PERMA model on patients with tinnitus.MethodsA total of 230 patients with tinnitus who were hospitalized in the Department of Otolaryngology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2022 to January 2024 were retrospectively divided into observation group (122 cases) and control group (108 cases) according to different intervention methods. The control group was treated with conventional intervention, and the observation group was given a positive psychological intervention based on the PERMA model. The duration of the treatment intervention is 1 month.The changes of tinnitus disability, psychological state, fear of disease progression, sleep quality and self-well-being were compared between the two groups.ResultsAfter treatment, 1 week after intervention and 1 month after intervention, the levels of tinnitus disability score, tinnitus degree Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS),Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS),and Fear of Progression Questionnaire-short Form (FoP-Q-SF) scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The Index of Well-being (IWB) score of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05).ConclusionThe clinical intervention of positive psychological intervention based on the PERMA model for patients with tinnitus can effectively reduce the degree of psychological suffering, improve the fear of the disease, alleviate their negative emotions, improve their hearing, psychological state and sleep quality, and improve the happiness index.关键词：Tinnitus;Positive psychological interventions;Fear of disease17|5|0更新时间：2026-07-11
- 摘要：ObjectiveTo explore the associations among the neuropsychological development, family environment and behavioral problems of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).MethodsFrom April 2021 to April 2023, 128 children with ASD from the Military Medical Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University were selected as the experimental group, and 42 healthy children were taken as the control group. Using the Family Rearing Environment Scale for Urban Children Aged 3-6 to evaluate the family environment; The Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire (SDQ) was administered to assess behavioral problems while the Gesell Developmental Schedules was used to evaluate neuropsychological development. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlations.ResultsThere were various degrees of neuropsychological development delay in children with ASD. There were significant differences in the scores of each functional area of the Gesell Developmental Schedules, family environment, the behavioral problem assessment scales between the experimental group and the control group (P<0.05). Family rearing environment was positively correlated with neuropsychological development, while negative factors were negatively correlated. The scores of the behavioral problem scales were negatively correlated with neuropsychological development (P<0.05).ConclusionsThe neuropsychological development of children with ASD is positively correlated with a positive family environment, and negatively correlated with a negative family environment and behavioral problems.关键词：Autism spectrum disorders;Family environment;Behavioral problems;Neuropsychological development16|6|0更新时间：2026-07-11
Rehabilitation Education
- 摘要：ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism of targeted neural differentiation of inner ear stem cells based on KLF3-AS1/miR-83-5p/TCF7L2 axis.MethodsThirty healthy SD rats were selected and divided into 12 blank groups, 9 protein culture groups and 9 protein culture +LY294002 groups. The neuronal axon length, apoptosis rate, cell activity and axon-related protein expression levels of KLF3-AS1/miR-83-5p/TCF7L2 were compared among the three groups.ResultsCompared with the blank group and the protein culture +LY294002 group, apoptosis rate, miR-83-5p protein expression, neuron axon length were lower in the protein culture group, and KLF3-AS1, cell activity and TCF7L2 protein expression were higher. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).ConclusionDownregulation of KLF3-AS1/miR-83-5p/TCF7L2 can promote the activity of inner ear stem cells, reduce apoptosis, and play an important role in targeted neural differentiation.关键词：Transcription factor 7 analogue 2 gene;Kruppel-like factor 3-antisense transcript 1;Microrna-83-5p;Inner ear stem cells;Directed neural differentiation14|4|0更新时间：2026-07-11
Short Reports
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