肠道菌群-神经生理因素交互作用对孤独症谱系障碍儿童语言发育的影响

张德全

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-4933.2025.05.022

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肠道菌群-神经生理因素交互作用对孤独症谱系障碍儿童语言发育的影响

康复教育 | 更新时间：2026-07-11

- 肠道菌群-神经生理因素交互作用对孤独症谱系障碍儿童语言发育的影响
- Analysis of the Influence of Interaction between Intestinal Flora and Neurophysiological Factors on Language Development in Children with Autism
- 中国听力语言康复科学杂志 2025年23卷第5期页码：542-547
- 作者机构：
  
  临汾市人民医院儿童保健科临汾 041000
- 作者简介：
  
  张德全硕士副主任医师；研究方向：儿童保健（生长发育、营养、言语行为发育，E-mail： zdq15333089993@163.com
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672-4933.2025.05.022
  中图分类号： G762
- 收稿：2025-04-24，
  
  纸质出版：2025-09-15
- 稿件说明：
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张德全.肠道菌群-神经生理因素交互作用对孤独症谱系障碍儿童语言发育的影响[J].中国听力语言康复科学杂志,2025,23(05):542-547.

ZHANG De-quan.Analysis of the Influence of Interaction between Intestinal Flora and Neurophysiological Factors on Language Development in Children with Autism[J].Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation,2025,23(05):542-547.
张德全.肠道菌群-神经生理因素交互作用对孤独症谱系障碍儿童语言发育的影响[J].中国听力语言康复科学杂志,2025,23(05):542-547. DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1672-4933.2025.05.022.

ZHANG De-quan.Analysis of the Influence of Interaction between Intestinal Flora and Neurophysiological Factors on Language Development in Children with Autism[J].Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation,2025,23(05):542-547. DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1672-4933.2025.05.022.

摘要

目的

探讨肠道菌群与神经生理因素的交互作用对孤独症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童语言发育的影响，揭示其潜在的肠-脑轴调控机制。

方法

采用回顾性队列研究设计，纳入82例3～8岁ASD患儿，根据临床评估语言基础量表（clinical evaluation of language fundamentals-fifth edition， CELF-5）分为语言发育迟缓组（n=52）与语言发育正常组（n=30）。通过16S rRNA测序分析肠道菌群多样性及物种组成，静息态fMRI和脑电频谱评估语言网络功能连接，酶联免疫吸附测定（enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay， ELISA）检测血清5-羟色胺（5-hydroxytryptamine， 5-HT）、脑源性神经营养因子（brain-derived neurotrophic factor， BDNF）及短链脂肪酸（short-chain fatty acids， SCFAs）水平。

结果

语言发育迟缓组呈现肠道菌群α多样性降低（Shannon指数：3.82±0.51 vs 4.25±0.63，

=0.001），厚壁菌门（Firmicutes， LDA=4.32，

=0.002）及产气荚膜梭菌（Clostridium perfringens，丰度提高3.1倍）显著富集，而语言发育正常组拟杆菌属（Bacteroidales， LDA=3.78，

=0.008）和普雷沃菌属（

Prevotella

， LDA=3.92，

=0.004）占优。神经生理层面，语言发育迟缓组γ频段功能连接强度降低29.3%（0.29±0.09 vs. 0.41±0.11，

0.001），血清5-HT水平升高25.3%（182.62±35.42 vs. 145.86±28.71 ng/mL，

0.001），BDNF和SCFAs水平分别降低23.4%和16.0%（

0.05）。

结论

ASD语言发育迟缓与肠道菌群（梭菌属富集）、神经递质（5-HT/BDNF）失衡及神经生理（γ频段振荡受损）特征相关，其中普雷沃菌属可能通过SCFAs-迷走神经通路增强语言网络功能连接。尽管跨系统异常提示肠-脑轴存在潜在关联，但三者间的直接级联因果关系尚未明确。

Abstract

Objective

To explore the effect of the interaction between intestinal flora and neurophysiological factors on language development in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

and to reveal the potential "gut-brain axis" regulation mechanism.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was designed to include 82 children aged 3-8 years with ASD

who were divided into language retardation group (n=52) and normal language development group (n=30) according to Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals-Fifth Edition (CELF-5). The diversity and species composition of intestinal flora were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. The functional connectivity of language network was evaluated by resting state fMRI and EEG spectrum

and 5-Hydroxytrypt

amine (5-HT). Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and Short-Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs) were detected by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay(ELISA)

Results

The language development delay group showed a decreased alpha diversity of the gut microbiota (Shannon index:) 3.82±0.51 vs 4.25±0.63

=0.001)

Firmicutes (LDA=4.32

=0.002) and Clostridium perfringens (abundance increased by 3.1 times) were significantly enriched. In the normal language development group

Bacteroidales (LDA=3.78

=0.008) and Prevotella (LDA=3.92

=0.004) were dominant. At the neurophysiological level

the functional connectivity intensity of the γ band in the language development delay group decreased by 29.3% (0.29±0.09 vs. 0.41±0.11

0.001)

and the serum 5-HT level increased by 25.3% (182.62±35.42 vs. 145.86±28.71 ng/mL) (

0.001)

the levels of BDNF and SCFAs decreased by 23.4% and 16.0% respectively (

0.05).

Conclusion

TASD language development delay is associated with intestinal microbiota (Clostridium enrichment)

neurotransmitters (5-HT/BDNF imbalance)

and neurophysiological characteristics (impaired γ band oscillations). Among them

Prevotella may enhance the functional connectivity of the language network through the SCFas-vagus nerve pathway

although cross-system abnormalities suggest a potential association with the "gut-brain axis". However

the direct cascading causal relationship among the three remains unclear.

关键词

Keywords

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