腭裂患儿伴发分泌性中耳炎的发病特点

周祚; 张亚梅; 郭思远; 穆玥; 陈仁吉

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-4933.2025.04.016

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腭裂患儿伴发分泌性中耳炎的发病特点

临床研究 | 更新时间：2026-07-11

- 腭裂患儿伴发分泌性中耳炎的发病特点
- Clinical Characteristics of Otitis Media with Effusion in Cleft Palate Children
- 中国听力语言康复科学杂志 2025年23卷第4期页码：425-428
- 作者机构：
  
  1.首都医科大学附属北京口腔医院整形创伤科北京 100090
  2.首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科北京 100045
- 作者简介：
  
  周祚硕士住院医师；研究方向：腭裂患儿与分泌性中耳炎相关性研究
  陈仁吉，E-mail：chenrenji@126.com
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672-4933.2025.04.016
  中图分类号： R764.21
- 收稿：2024-12-31，
  
  纸质出版：2025-07-15
- 稿件说明：
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周祚,张亚梅,郭思远等.腭裂患儿伴发分泌性中耳炎的发病特点[J].中国听力语言康复科学杂志,2025,23(04):425-428.

ZHOU Zuo,ZHANG Ya-mei,GUO Si-yuan,et al.Clinical Characteristics of Otitis Media with Effusion in Cleft Palate Children[J].Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation,2025,23(04):425-428.
周祚,张亚梅,郭思远等.腭裂患儿伴发分泌性中耳炎的发病特点[J].中国听力语言康复科学杂志,2025,23(04):425-428. DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1672-4933.2025.04.016.

ZHOU Zuo,ZHANG Ya-mei,GUO Si-yuan,et al.Clinical Characteristics of Otitis Media with Effusion in Cleft Palate Children[J].Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation,2025,23(04):425-428. DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1672-4933.2025.04.016.

摘要

目的

探究腭裂（Cleft Palate， CP）患儿伴发分泌性中耳炎（otitis media with effusion， OME）的发病特点。

方法

纳入拟于首都医科大学附属北京口腔医院整形创伤科行腭裂修复术的腭裂患儿300例（600耳），年龄6月龄～6岁，正常对照51例（102耳）。所有研究对象在术前均完善声导抗和听性脑干反应检查（ABR），记录并分析腭裂患儿听力检测结果。

结果

腭裂患儿OME的发病率为83%。伴OME的腭裂患儿主要表现为轻度听力损失。患有分泌性中耳炎与健听腭裂患儿ABR Ⅴ波阈值平均值及Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ波潜伏期显著差异（

0.05），患有OME的腭裂患儿ABR Ⅴ波阈值平均值增加，Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ波潜伏期延长。Ⅰ～Ⅲ、Ⅰ～Ⅴ波间期无差异（

0.05）。是否伴发唇裂与OME发病率以及听力损失程度无显著相关性（

0.05）。不同类型腭裂患儿OME发病率、听力损失程度无差异（

0.05）。

结论

腭裂患儿OME的发病率明显高于非腭裂儿童（1.6%～30.7%），总体听力损失程度较重，腭裂类型及伴发唇裂与OME的发病率及听力损失程度无相关性，提示腭裂患儿治疗时应重点关注患儿的听力状况，若患儿出现听力下降情况，应及时进行干预。

Abstract

Objective

The aim of this study was to explore the clinical characteristics of otitis media with effusion(OME) in cleft palate(CP) patients.

Methods

600 ears of 300 CP patients who planned to do palatoplasty in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic and Traumatic Surgery

Beijing Stomatological Hospital

Capital Medical University were included in the study. All the patients have accepted acoustic impedance tests and auditory brainstem responses(ABR) before surgery

and the results were recorded and analyzed..

Results

The incidence of OME in CP children was 83% and the hearing loss was mainly mild in them. A statistically significant difference was determined between ears with and without OME. In the cases with OME(

0.05)

the average ABR wave V threshold was measured larger. A statistically significant difference was determined with latency of I

III and V wave. In the patients with CP

the latency of I

III and V wave prolonged while there was no obvious change in wave I-III and I-V intervals in patients with OME (

0.05). Whether accompanied with cleft lip or not had no significant correlation with the incidence rate of OME and the degree of hearing loss (

0.05).There was no significant relationship between the incidence of OME and the types of cleft palate. No significant relationship was determined with the level of hearing loss and the type of cleft palate (

0.05).

Conclusion

The incidence of OME in CP children is high

and the degree of hearing loss is serious. The type of cleft palate with or without association of cleft lip are not related to the incidence rate of OME and the degree of hearing loss. Therefore

oral maxillofacial surgeons and otolaryngologists should focus on the hearing status of children with cleft palate. Children who experience hearing loss need intervention in time.

关键词

Keywords

references

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