儿童语言障碍门诊中84例听力障碍病例特点分析

曲春燕; 贾欣玥; 金梦轲; 史泱; 尹梦雅; 崔芷君; 梁爱民

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-4933.2024.06.001

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儿童语言障碍门诊中84例听力障碍病例特点分析

临床研究 | 更新时间：2026-07-11

- 儿童语言障碍门诊中84例听力障碍病例特点分析
- The Characteristics of Hearing Loss Identified in Children Speech Clinics
- 中国听力语言康复科学杂志 2024年22卷第6期页码：561-566
- 作者机构：
  
  1.首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院保健中心北京 100045
  2.大连医科大学附属第一医院耳鼻咽喉科大连 116021
- 作者简介：
  
  曲春燕博士研究员；研究方向：儿童听力语言康复，耳聋基因
  梁爱民，E-mail：liang-aimin@163.com
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672-4933.2024.06.001
  中图分类号： R764.5
- 收稿：2024-07-01，
  
  纸质出版：2024-11-15
- 稿件说明：
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曲春燕,贾欣玥,金梦轲等.儿童语言障碍门诊中84例听力障碍病例特点分析[J].中国听力语言康复科学杂志,2024,22(06):561-566.

QU Chun-yan,JIA Xin-yue,JIN Meng-ke,et al.The Characteristics of Hearing Loss Identified in Children Speech Clinics[J].Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation,2024,22(06):561-566.
曲春燕,贾欣玥,金梦轲等.儿童语言障碍门诊中84例听力障碍病例特点分析[J].中国听力语言康复科学杂志,2024,22(06):561-566. DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1672-4933.2024.06.001.

QU Chun-yan,JIA Xin-yue,JIN Meng-ke,et al.The Characteristics of Hearing Loss Identified in Children Speech Clinics[J].Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation,2024,22(06):561-566. DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1672-4933.2024.06.001.

摘要

目的

总结中国儿童听力筛查和听力保健的薄弱之处。

方法

回顾性分析2022年3月～2024年1月2938名发音不清或语言发育迟缓儿童听力障碍的发生率和听力学特征。

结果

84例（2.86%）儿童被诊断为听力障碍，其中感音性听力障碍62例（73.8%），听神经病谱系障碍2例（2.4%），传导性听力障碍19例（22.6%），混合性听力障碍1例（1.2%）。患儿通过新生儿听力筛查52例（61.9%），未通过28例（33.3%），未做4例（4.8%）。72.6%（61/84）和27.4%（23/84）的病例分别诊断为非综合征性和综合征性听力障碍。双侧听力障碍76例（90.5%），单侧听力障碍8例（9.5%）。35例（41.7%）儿童因言语和语言问题曾在外院就诊，仅19例接受听力筛查，16例没有做任何听力检查。

结论

在言语语言障碍合并听力障碍儿童中，近40%未做或未通过新生儿听力筛查。对言语语言障碍儿童未进行听力筛查是漏诊和误诊的主要原因之一。听力筛查的临床规范有待进一步完善，因发音不清或语言发育迟缓而就医的儿童都应接受听力筛查，必要时进行全面的听力诊断，以排除各类听力障碍。

Abstract

Objective

To summarize the weak points of hearing screening and healthcare for children in China.

Methods

From March 2022 to January 2024

938 children who sought medical attention due to unclear articulation or delayed language development were included in this retrospective analysis. The occurrence rate of hearing loss and the audiometric characteristics were analyzed.

Results

84 children (2.86%) were diagnosed with hearing loss

including 62 cases (73.8%) of sensory hearing loss

2 cases (2.4%) of auditory neuropathy spectrum disorders

19 cases (22.6%) of conductive hearing loss

and 1 case (1.2%) of mixed hearing loss. Among them

52 cases (61.9%) passed

28 cases (33.3%) failed

and 4 cases (4.8%) did not receive the newborn hearing screening. 72.6% (61/84) and 27.4% (23/84) cases were diagnosed with non-syndromic and syndromic hearing loss

respectively. Bilateral hearing loss was identified in 76 cases (90.5%)

while unilateral hearing loss was found in 8 cases (9.5%). Of the 35 cases (41.7%) that had sought medical attention at external hospitals due to speech and language issues

only 19 cases underwent hearing screening during their previous visits

while 16 cases did not undergo any hearing examination at the initial hospital visit.

Conclusions

Among children presenting with speech and language issues and diagnosed with hearing loss

nearly 40% either did not undergo or failed the newborn hearing screening. Hearing screening was not performed for speech and language impaired children in some medical institutes. It is suggested that the hearing screening standardization in China still requires further improvement. All children who seek medical attention due to unclear articulation or delayed language development should undergo hearing screening

with comprehensive hearing diagnosis when necessary

to rule out various hearing loss.

关键词

Keywords

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